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Shuichi Shigeno

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Shuichi Shigeno (重野 秀一, Shigeno Shūichi; pen name: しげの 秀一; born March 8, 1958) is a Japanese manga artist best known for his manga series Initial D, which was serialized in Weekly Young Magazine from 1995 to 2013 and has sold over 56 million copies.

Prior to Initial D, Shigeno achieved his first major success with Bari Bari Densetsu ("Bari Bari Legend"), for which the series earned him the 9th Kodansha Manga Award in the shōnen category in 1985.

Shigeno is currently serializing a new series called Subaru and Subaru.

Biography[]

Early Life[]

Shuichi Shigeno was born on March 8, 1958 in Matsunoyama, Higashikubiki District, Niigata Prefecture (present-day Tōkamachi). He described himself as a timid child, recalling that he was so shy in kindergarten and elementary school that he almost stopped attending classes and avoided eating lunch with other children. He also considered himself a daydreamer, frequently imagining scenarios in which he acted heroically or invented machines for space travel, combat, or adventure.[3]

As an elementary school student, Shigeno enjoyed sketching mechanical designs and inventions, though he struggled to draw people.[3] In middle school, his grades in art declined despite his continued effort, which he attributed to his teacher’s strict standards rather than his own ability. This experience led him to lose confidence and interest in art and drawing for a period.[4]

Shigeno attended Niigata Prefectural Tōkamachi High School, where he developed an interest in motorcycles though he only rode a scooter.[3][1] During this period, he studied calligraphy as his primary art subject but eventually became dissatisfied with it, later remarking that the experience contributed to his poor handwriting.[1] Although he maintained an interest in art and drawing throughout his youth, Shigeno never created manga and was not deeply immersed in manga culture, nor did he consider himself “otaku-like”.[3][1] He was, however, a fan of the series Space Battleship Yamato, which ultimately introduced him to anime and manga.[4]

Debut and Early Works[]

Despite growing up in Niigata, Shigeno convinced his parents to allow him to attend college in Tokyo, where he rented an apartment in Nerima.[1][4][5] He described himself as a diligent student; however, during the summer break, a conversation at his part-time job led to an opportunity to work as a manga assistant.[5] This also prompted him to visit the now-closed Manga Gallery café in Ekoda. There, he met manga artist Akira Hio. Shigeno subsequently began working as Hio’s assistant and eventually dropped out of university to pursue the role full-time.[4] During this period, he assisted Hio in producing a manga adaptation of Space Battleship Yamato.[5]

Shigeno found drawing machinery more enjoyable than drawing people, a preference that aligned well with Hio’s work. At the Manga Gallery café, he also met peers and aspiring manga artists who shared his interests in anime and manga, notably forming a close friendship with Masami Yuki (creator of Mobile Police Patlabor),[6][4] as well as with his future ex-partner Yoku Hayami.[4] He initially enjoyed his role as an assistant to such an extent that he had no immediate ambition to become a manga artist himself.[4] However, after approximately two years, the workload began to feel burdensome, and he gradually lost confidence.[3] At around the age of 22, he was fired from his position due to chronic lateness.[4]

That Girl Is Tough Weekly Shonen Sunday 1980

Shigeno's debut Ano Musume wa Kōha in Weekly Shōnen Sunday (Autumn 1980 Special Issue②)

After being fired, Shigeno faced severe financial difficulties, including constant overdue rent that eventually led to payment demands being sent to his parents in Niigata. Out of desperation, he created his first manga, Ano Musume wa Kōha (That Girl Is Tough), which was published in Weekly Shōnen Sunday in 1980. Although the work functioned more as a club magazine piece with limited story content.[4]

Shigeno went on to create one-shots every two to three months, which were published in special issues of Kodansha’s various shōnen magazines.[3] His first submitted work was reviewed by Masahiro Nouichi, then a new editor who would later become editor-in-chief at Kodansha. The two, being close in age, quickly formed a good relationship. Nouichi approved Shigeno’s work, which led to the publication of his first one-shot, Ore-tachi Zekkōchō (We’re Doing Great), a baseball manga released in 1981 in Shōnen Magazine Special Edition,[7] despite Shigeno having little interest or knowledge of the sport or its rules. He followed with other works, including Nokezori Bun-chan (Leaning Back Bun-chan) in 1982, a romantic comedy, and Amerikan de Kanpai!, a yankee-style manga featuring motorcycles and bōsōzoku gangs.[3]

Amerikan de Kanpai! was submitted to Kodansha for a contest for aspiring manga artists, but Shigeno’s editor, Masahiro Nouichi, was not impressed. Instead, Shigeno presented the storyboard for a new work, Anta ga Saikō! (You’re the Best!), which Nouichi thought was better and considered to have greater potential in the competition. Although Shigeno initially resisted the idea due to the tight deadline and his preference for his earlier work, he reluctantly agreed. Shigeno later commented, that Nouichi was the only person who recognized his potential during his early career, even insisting on his abilities despite disagreements among other editors.[3]

Despite his early publications, Shigeno continued to face financial difficulties with him saying, "They paid me just enough so I wouldn’t die (laughs)".[3] He earned around 50,000 yen per month at the time, of which 35,000 yen went toward rent, leaving him with little to live on. His electricity was cut off after he fell four months behind on payments, though a utility worker temporarily covered part of the debt, which Shigeno repaid as soon as he was able. He also owed nearly two years of water bills, leading to the shutoff of his main valve, which he turned back on himself. During this period, his future ex-partner Yoku Hayami provided significant support.[4]

Bari Bari Densetsu[]

Bari Bari Densetsu Weekly Shonen Magazine Cover 1983 No. 12

Bari Bari Densetsu debuting on the cover of Weekly Shōnen Magazine (No. 12, March 9, 1983).

Anta ga Saikō! won the contest and functioned as an early draft of Bari Bari Densetsu, with its protagonist also named Gun Koma and sharing several similarities with the later series.[3] On March 9, 1983, Bari Bari Densetsu began serialization in Weekly Shōnen Magazine until 1991, ultimately running for 38 volumes. Shigeno initially conceived the series as a high school romantic comedy with motorcycles serving as props, but the focus gradually shifted toward motorcycle racing, which he found increasingly enjoyable to draw.[3] Although it was initially regarded as a “second-tier” title, the manga steadily gained popularity,[4] becoming a central work in the so-called “motorcycle boom” of the 1980s in Japan.[8][9] It went on to become one of Weekly Shōnen Magazine’s most successful series at the time and earned Shigeno the 9th Kodansha Manga Award in the shōnen category in 1985.[10][11] The manga also received a two-episode OVA adaptation produced by Studio Pierrot, Part I: Tsukuba and Part II: Suzuka, released in May and December 1986,[12] respectively. Condensing content from the first 11 volumes. The OVAs were later re-edited and released in theaters in August 1987 by Nippon Herald.[13] And as of April 2018, volumes of the manga series had over 26 million copies in circulation.[14]

Shuichi Shigeno and Yoko Oginome circa. 1986-1987

Shigeno and pop idol Yoko Oginome, at a press event for the Bari Bari Densetsu movie (circa 1986–1987).

Shigeno was initially reluctant to create a motorcycle-centered manga, as he considered motorcycles difficult to illustrate and expected the work to progress slowly. Instead, he first proposed a volleyball manga centered on a high school girl selected for the 1984 Los Angeles Summer Olympics and her pursuit of a gold medal. Although the idea was well received, editors deemed it too ambitious for a rookie’s first serialized work, and particularly due to its lack of male characters. After its rejection, Shigeno pursued the concept that had received the strongest feedback, which ultimately became Bari Bari Densetsu.[4]

Although Bari Bari Densetsu was a motorcycle-themed manga, Shigeno had little knowledge of motorcycles prior to its serialization. He did not own one until shortly before the series began, despite his interest in them. Most of his riskiest riding experiences occurred during the publication period. In later interviews, he admitted to being a poor rider, becoming known among friends for frequently falling or crashing. Despite several accidents, he avoided serious injury, often escaping with only bruises even when riding without protective gear. Shigeno joked that he fell “about 80–90% of the time”,[3][4] but considered himself skilled at bracing for impact, which prevented major harm.[3] Though on one occasion he forgot to disinfect a wound properly and consequently missed a chapter deadline. And despite the lack of knowledge on motorcycles, he relied on “bluffing” as an authorial skill, going on to say, “Even if I don’t actually know something, I can present it in a way that makes readers think, ‘This guy probably knows a lot about motorcycles'”.[3]

The Eight-Six and Post-Bari Bari Densetsu[]

Shigeno volume 5 cover art pose

Shigeno in the driver’s seat of his AE86 (Bari Bari Densetsu Vol. 17, February 10, 1987).

Around the time the first volume of Bari Bari Densetsu was released in October 1983,[15] Shigeno received his first significant royalty payment from the series. With part of the earnings, he purchased his first car, a Toyota Sprinter Trueno GT-APEX AE86, from a dealership in his neighborhood.[1][15] Impressed by the car's stylish appearance and affordability, and it didn’t look like an "old-man" sedan, he decided to buy it on the spot.[1] Shigeno later stated that the purchase of the AE86 was coincidental, as he had been considering buying a car at the time and happened to pass by the dealership during the AE86's launch. He clarified that if any other car had been there he would have bought it, and Initial D would have definitely never existed as a result.[15]

"I couldn't have imagined Initial D with an MR2, for example. The Eight-Six was a one-of-a-kind car. In that sense, meeting the Eight-Six was truly a stroke of luck."
―Shuichi Shigeno[15]

However, Shigeno only used the AE86 for practical and social reasons. As he already owned a motorcycle and would use that, only using the car for going on trips with his friends,[16] and going on dates and chat to his girlfriend, which he couldn't do on a motorcycle.[1] Furthermore, having already experienced speed and risk through riding motorcycles, Shigeno considered cars comparatively “sluggish and slow” and never thought of them as something fun to push through corners. Though Shigeno would like going for drives to clear my head after finishing his work deadlines.[1]

Shigeno washing his Eight-Six in front of his house (Sho Vol. 1)

Shigeno washing his AE86 in front of his house (Shō Vol. 1, June 12, 1992).

Two to three years after purchasing the AE86, Shigeno discovered professional racer Keiichi Tsuchiya’s drifting videos, which had a profound influence on him. Inspired, he began reading car magazines and studying how to tune the AE86 for mountain pass driving. While still working on Bari Bari Densetsu, Shigeno used his breaks as an opportunity to unwind by driving alone to the mountain passes in Gunma Prefecture, often going at around 3 a.m, and going specifically to Mount Haruna as he would take the Kan-Etsu Expressway from Nerima. Shigeno attempted to replicate the drifting techniques he had seen in the videos, though struggled to turn the way he wanted to. Nevertheless, he became deeply invested, later recalling: “I’d set a theme for myself and practice with a lot of creativity and effort. When I hit a wall [figuratively], I’d even buy a driving how-to book (laughs)".[15]

He began modifying his AE86, upgrading its suspension and engine along with adding a carbon fibre hood.[16] Over time, driving the mountain pass became one of his primary pastimes, though he would later get into several accidents during solo drives, one where he crashed into a guardrail and, on one occasion, falling off a cliff, though he avoided serious injury.[17] All of his experiences would help when he would create Initial D.

Following the conclusion of Bari Bari Densetsu, Shigeno went on to create several short serializations; however, none achieved significant popularity or sales to warrant a long-term release.[1] The first of these was Memory Snow, released in December 1991,[18] a one-shot collection featuring various works he had created both prior to and during the serialization of Bari Bari Densetsu. This was preceded by Lyrical Night Story, released in February 1984,[19] another one-shot collection published during the run of Bari Bari Densetsu.

Shigeno’s first new manga following Bari Bari Densetsu was Tunnel Nuketara Sky ☆ Blue, a coming-of-age slice-of-life romance series released in January 1992. It ran in Weekly Young Magazine and consisted of one volume with 11 chapters.[20] The story had a main character who drove a Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE86 and included a short racing scene, though racing was not the main focus of the series. Shigeno then created Shō, a shōnen fighting manga serialized in Weekly Shōnen Magazine from June to September 1992, which ran for three volumes.[21] His next work, DO-P-KAN, was more successful than the previous two. The series centered on a high school track and field club and was serialized in Weekly Young Magazine from October 1992[22] to May 1995, running for 120 chapters across ten volumes.[23][24]

Initial D and Profile[]

During this period, Shigeno struggled to create a new series that connected with readers and was uncertain about what direction to take next.[16] A close friend and editor suggested that he write a manga about cars since he liked them so much, but Shigeno initially resisted the idea, believing it would be too easy and similar to move from a motorcycle series to one about cars.[1] He also feared that turning his personal passion into work might make him lose interest in it.[16] However, after some thought and encouragement from his editor, Shigeno decided to pursue the idea.[15] At the time, he felt it was a “do-or-die” moment in his career, and that if the new series failed, he intended to quit being a manga artist.[1]

Drawing from his own experiences, Shigeno based the story on his personal car, the Toyota Sprinter Trueno AE86, and the mountain passes in Gunma Prefecture that he frequently visited. By the time serialization began in 1995, street racing in teams had become more common as opposed to just the small gatherings of car enthusiasts that Shigeno first experienced.[15] Thus everything fell into place smoothly to the creation of Initial D.

He has owned several cars featured in the series, most notably a Toyota Sprinter Trueno GT-APEX (AE86) with a carbon bonnet, the same as Takumi Fujiwara's AE86[1][25], which would later be featured in the Gran Turismo series. He has also owned a Mazda RX-7 (FD3S)[26] and a Subaru Impreza WRX STi Coupe Type R Version V (GC8F) with a STi sports bumper, the same as Bunta Fujiwara's Impreza[25]. He has said that the Impreza is the best car he has owned[27][better source needed]. He also owns a Toyota 86 GT, which has been featured as the Spec III version of Kanata Rivington's Toyota 86 in MF Ghost, Initial D's sequel.[28]

Despite writing a series with the Trueno as the main car, he has said that he prefers the Levin, singling out its look and its reduced weight (due to its headlights being fixed, and thus lacking the pop up mechanism)[27][better source needed]. Despite it's age, Shigeno still owns his Trueno, and while he has had a variety of other cars, its the only car he hasn't gotten rid of.[1]

His favourite Initial D character is Koichiro Iketani. His favourite moments in the series are when Takumi discovers Natsuki Mogi with her Papa, and the battle between Ryosuke Takahashi and Rin Hojo.[27][better source needed]

He was previously the assistant of Makoto Kobayashi[10], Akira Hio[2][4] and Masami Yuki[29]. He has had several notable assistants, such as Takeshi Kobayashi, Maakou, and Jyoji Morikawa[27][2][better source needed]. He was dating, and was at some point married to, fellow Mangaka Yoku Hayami before her passing in 2015[2][better source needed]. In 2025 he revealed that he has a heart condition.[30]

In a 1984 interview, Shigeno named Space Battleship Yamato, Mobile Suit Gundam, Space Runaway Ideon, and Combat Mecha Xabungle as his favorite series, noting his strong interest in the science fiction genre. He also named several manga artists as his favourites, including Ryoichi Ikegami, Akimi Yoshida, Mariko Iwadate, Hiroshi Motomiya, and Tetsuya Chiba, particularly citing Chiba’s Ashita no Joe.[4]

Miscellaneous[]

Works[]

  • Bari Bari Legend (バリバリ伝説, Bari Bari Densetsu, 1983-1991, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)
  • Lyrical Night Story (リリカル・ナイトストーリー, Ririkaru Naitosutōrī, 1984, One-Shot Collection)
  • Memory Snow (めもりい・すのー, Memori Sunoo, 1991, One-Shot Collection)
  • Tunnel Nuketara Sky ☆ Blue (トンネルぬけたらスカイ☆ブルー, Ton'neru Nuketara Sukai ☆ Buru, 1992, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • Shō (将, Shō, 1992, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)
  • DO-P-KAN (1992-1995, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • Initial D (頭文字イニシャルD, Inisharu D, 1995-2013, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • Amazing Hana (高嶺の花, Takane no Hana, 2014, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • Sailor Ace (セーラーエース, Seraesu, 2015-2017, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • MF Ghost (MFゴースト, MF Gosuto, 2017-2025, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)
  • Subaru and Subaru (昴と彗星, Subaru to Subaru, 2025-ongoing, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine) [32]

Magazine One-Shots[]

  • That Girl Is Tough (あの娘は硬派, Ano Musume wa Kōha, 1980, serialized in Weekly Shonen Sunday)[Note 1]
  • We're Doing Great (おれたち絶好調, Ore-tachi Zekkōchō, 1981, serialized in Shonen Magazine Special Edition)
  • Leaning Back Bun-chan (のけぞり文ちゃン, Nokezori Bun-chan, 1982, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 2]
  • Amerikan de Kanpai! (No info...)
  • You're The Best! (あんたが最高!, Anta ga Saikō!, 1982, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 3]
  • Sparkling Vibration (きらめきバイブレーション, Kirameki Baiburēshon, 1982, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 4]
  • Feeling Sentimental (勝手にセンチメンタル, Katte ni Senchimentaru, 1983, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 5]
  • Lyrical Night Story (リリカル・ナイトストーリー, Ririkaru Naitosutōrī, 1983, serialized in Magazine SPECIAL)[Note 6]
  • Memory Snow (めもりー・すの, Memori Sunoo, 1984, serialized in Magazine SPECIAL)[Note 7]
  • I Like The Serious Look In Your Eyes (目いっぱいのマジなまなざしがいい , Meippai no Maji na Manazashi ga ii, 1984, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 8]
  • Rise To Sucess (成り上がり日報, Nariagari Nippō, 1984, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)[Note 9]
  • Mermaid From The Beach (渚のはいから人魚, Nagisa no Haikara Ningyo, 1984, serialized in Weekly Young Magazine)[Note 10]
  • Bari Bari Legend Gaiden (バリバリ伝説 外伝, Bari Bari Densetsu Gaiden, 1984, serialized in Fresh Magazine)[Note 11]
  • Aro As No.1 (亜郎 as No.1, Arō as No. 1, 1985, serialized in Fresh Magazine)[Note 12]
  • Pure Paisley (純情ペイズリー, Junjō Peizurī, 1986, serialized in Weekly Shonen Magazine)[Note 13]
  • Shorebreak (ショアブレイク, Shoabureiku, 2000, serialized in Young Magazine Uppers)[Note 14]

Gallery[]

Appearances[]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ Autumn 1980 Special Issue②
  2. ↑ No. 12, 1982 Issue
  3. ↑ No. 33, 1982 Issue
  4. ↑ No. 43, 1982 Issue
  5. ↑ January 6th 83' Special Issue
  6. ↑ No. 2, 1983 Issue
  7. ↑ No. 7, 1984 Issue
  8. ↑ No. 23, 1984 Issue
  9. ↑ June 11th 84' Special Issue
  10. ↑ No. 16, 1984 Issue
  11. ↑ No. 1, 1984 Issue
  12. ↑ No. 2, 1985 Issue
  13. ↑ No. 2-3, 1986 Issue
  14. ↑ No. 21, 2000 Issue

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Gazoo Editorial Team; Tomoaki Watanabe (November 29, 2015). "漫画「頭文字D」の作者 “しげの秀一” に聞いたクルマの魅力". Gazoo Special Feature. Gazoo. Retrieved on September 6, 2025.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Mentioned on Baka Updates - additional sources would be preferred
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 Shuichi Shigeno (ed.); Young Magazine Editorial Department (ed.). (November 20, 1998). "Shuichi Shigeno Special Talk (Part 2)". Initial D Takumi Densetsu. (Translation: Roman Węgierski) pp. 222 Kodansha. ISBN: 978-4-06-333996-3 Retrieved on September 6, 2025.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 "Comic Live Discussion". Monthly OUT, Issue 8-1984. Minori Shobo (August 1, 1984). Retrieved on September 6, 2025.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Akemi Sato (December 23, 2024). "漫画家・しげの秀一の愛車遍歴 『頭文字D』ではAEスプリンタートレノ、『MFゴースト』では86GTを満喫!". JAF Mate Online. Retrieved on September 15, 2025.
  6. ↑ @masyuuki (May 5, 2021). このアパートの仕事場の前史として「まんが画廊」があったわけで、しげの君とはそこで知り合ったのだった。しげの君がデビューする以前には、こういう環境と関係性を「ぬるま湯」と断じた友達もいるけど、人によっては孵化するのにちょうどいい温度のゆりかごになることだってあるんだよ。おわり。. Twitter. Retrieved on September 16, 2025.
  7. ↑ "「MFゴースト」の作者・しげの秀一氏はどんな人？代表作についても解説". Anime Freaks (Decemner 18, 2023). Retrieved on September 19, 2025.
  8. ↑ "1980年代のバイクブームを牽引したバイク漫画！ 「CAMSHOP.JP」が「バリバリ伝説」をモチーフとしたアクリルキーホルダー全10種を発売". carview! (April 19, 2025). Retrieved on September 19, 2025.
  9. ↑ Motorcycle News Editorial Department (April 15, 2025). "走り屋たちのバイブル！ 80年代のバイクブームを象徴する「バリバリ伝説」Tシャツを発売". バイクのニュース. Retrieved on September 19, 2025.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Makoto Kobayashi (December 17, 2008). 青春少年マガジン１９７８～１９８３. p. 196 Kodansha. ISBN: 9784063756180 Retrieved on September 19, 2025. “"Bari Bari Densetsu" became the greatest hit Weekly Shounen Magazine had ever seen at the time since its inception.”
  11. ↑ Joel Hahn. "Kodansha Manga Awards". Comic Book Awards Almanac. Retrieved on September 19, 2025.
  12. ↑ "株式会社ぴえろ 公式サイト「バリバリ伝説 PARTⅠ 筑波篇」 「バリバリ伝説　PARTⅡ 鈴鹿篇」". Studio Pierrot. Retrieved on September 29, 2025.
  13. ↑ "株式会社ぴえろ 公式サイト「バリバリ伝説」". Studio Pierrot. Retrieved on September 29, 2025.
  14. ↑ 2018 SUPER GT第2戦「FUJI GT 500km RACE」講談社ヤングマガジン「ＭＦゴースト」とコラボレーション！ (PDF). SARD Corporation (April 27, 2018). Retrieved on September 19, 2025.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 Shuichi Shigeno (July 25, 2001). "Shuichi Shigeno Special Long Interview All of D". Initial D Art Book. pp. 112-120 Kodansha. ISBN: 9784063301205 Retrieved on October 3, 2025.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "Initial D Shuichi Shigeno – AE86". Car Expo Niigata 2009 (May 15, 2009). Archived from the original on May 19, 2009. Retrieved on October 6, 2025.
  17. ↑ Young Magazine USA Volume 0. pp. 1044 Kodansha USA (August 21, 2025). ISBN: 9798894787244 Retrieved on October 17, 2025. “Shuichi Shigeno Special Interview The Drift, The Danger, The Drive”
  18. ↑ Shigeno Shuichi (December 11, 1991). めもりい・すのー. pp. 196 Kodansha. ISBN: 9784063117424 Retrieved on October 17, 2025.
  19. ↑ Shuichi Shigeno (February 15, 1984). リリカル・ナイト・ストーリー. pp. 202 Kodansha. ISBN: 9784061729506 Retrieved on October 17, 2025.
  20. ↑ Shuichi Shigeno (January 7, 1992). トンネルぬけたらスカイ☆ブルー. pp. 234 Kodansha. ISBN: 9784063233100 Retrieved on October 20, 2025.
  21. ↑ "Shō Publications". Kodansha. Retrieved on October 20, 2025.
  22. ↑ "Weekly Young Magazine Issue 44, 1992". Comic Vine. Retrieved on October 20, 2025.
  23. ↑ "DO-P-KAN Publications". Kodansha. Retrieved on October 20, 2025.
  24. ↑ "DO-P-KAN on YanMaga Web". Weekly Young Magazine. Kodansha. Retrieved on October 20, 2025.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 As seen in the Initial D Art Book
  26. ↑ Shigeno's FD3S is currently part of the Ikaho Toy Car and Doll Museum's collection - http://www.ikaho-omocha.jp/museum/86fujiwara.html
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 Information taken from his Japanese Wikipedia page - additional sources would be preferred.
  28. ↑ Said during an interview featured in the MF Ghost x Initial D x Bari Bari Denetsu book
  29. ↑ Mentioned by Yuki in a 2009 interview with Hiromu Arakawa - https://web.archive.org/web/20090904182233/http://spi-net.jp/monthly_taidan/index2.html
  30. ↑ Auther note on the first chapter of Subaru and Subaru
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Volume 06 - Bonus Pages
  32. ↑ https://www.oricon.co.jp/news/2389073/full/
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